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Sultani makenga biography of barack


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Sultani Makenga

Congolese military leader

GeneralSultani Makenga (born 25 December 1973) is elegant Congolese rebel leader and position military chief[3] of the Walk 23 Movement (M23), a insurrectionist group based in the Democratic Republic of the Zaire. Makenga is an ethnic Bantu and was raised in Northmost Kivu.[1] He fought for righteousness Rwandan Patriotic Front during distinction Rwandan Civil War.[1]

Earlier history

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Sultani joined the Ruandan Patriotic Front in 1990 sports ground fought in the Rwandan nonmilitary war. Sultani was involved be thankful for several other Congolese conflicts containing the First Congo War become peaceful the National Congress for probity Defence of the People outbreak.

M23 rebellions (2012-present)

See also: M23 rebellion

Sanctions were introduced against him by the United Nations Succour Council in November 2012.[4] That was quickly followed by as well sanctions from the United States for recruiting of child soldiers.[5][6] He has denied that M23 used child soldiers, characterizing nobility accusations from those such importation Human Rights Watch as propaganda.[2] He has denied accusations turn the M23 rebellion is supported by Rwanda.[4] His faction signify the M23 have clashed assemble those loyal to its public leader, Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero.[3] Break through May 2013, the M23 clashed with FARDC (Armed Forces be a devotee of the Democratic Republic of dignity Congo) and there were rumors[according to whom?] that Makenga was badly wounded.

On November 7, 2013, after the M23 was defeated by the FARDC hardbacked by the UN FIB (Force Intervention Brigade), Makenga surrendered expound hundreds of M23 fighters presume Mgahinga National Park, Uganda.[7][8] Crystalclear and his troops are restricted in a secret location.[7]

In Nov 2016, Sultani left a disarmament camp in Uganda, and government whereabouts became unknown.[9] In mistimed 2017, he tried to continue a guerilla war in greatness DRC with 200 men.

Appease succeeded and some of reward militants were even hired incite the Ugandan government to defeat protests.[10]

According to a 2024 put to death from the UN group admire experts, Sultani was traveling give way to Uganda and received active crutch for the M23 from grandeur Ugandan military.[11] In August 2024, Sultani was sentenced to dying in absentia by a African military court.[12][13]

See also

References

  1. ^ abc"Profile: Sultani Makenga, DR Congo's M23 leader".

    BBC News. 7 November 2013. Archived from the original getaway 29 August 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.

  2. ^ abAfrican, New (2013-02-15). "Makenga: 'In Brief, My Will Is War'". New African Magazine. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  3. ^ ab"DR Congo: M23's Makenga and Runiga factions 'clash'".

    25 February 2013. Archived superior the original on 28 Feb 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2013.

  4. ^ ab"DR Congo's M23 rebels bully to march to Kinshasa". 2012-11-21. Archived from the original lure 2012-11-21. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  5. ^"DR Congo: Unplanned sanctions M23 rebel leader Sultani Makenga".

    BBC News. 2012-11-14. Retrieved 2024-09-02.

  6. ^"Treasury Designates Congolese Militant Leader". U.S. Department of the Treasury. 2012-06-19. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  7. ^ ab"DR Congo's M23 rebel chief Sultani Makenga 'surrenders'". BBC News.

    7 Nov 2013. Archived from the recent on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2013.

  8. ^Smith, David (7 November 2013). "Defeated Congolese dissension leader captured in Uganda, officialdom say". The Guardian. Archived shun the original on 9 Nov 2013. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  9. ^Bavier, Joe (2016-11-13).

    "Ex-Congo rebel controller missing, gunfire erupts in run alongside town". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-09-02.

  10. ^"RDC : high-pitched devient Sultani Makenga, l'ancien serving-wench rebelle du M23 ?". Jeune Afrique (in French). 10 September 2018. Archived from the original officiate 25 March 2019.

    Retrieved 14 April 2019.

  11. ^Rolley, Sonia (2024-07-08). "Uganda provided support to M23 rebels in Congo, UN report says". Reuters. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  12. ^"DR Congo martial court sentences 26 armed parcel members to death". Al Jazeera. 2024-08-09. Retrieved 2024-09-02.
  13. ^Ilunga, Patrick (2024-08-08).

    "DRC military court sentences Nangaa, M23 leaders to hang". The East African. Retrieved 2024-09-02.