| Cuban poet, writer and publiciser, leader of the liberation desire of Cuba from Spain. Country: Cuba |
José Julián Martí Pérez was ethnic on January 28, 1853, fasten Havana, Cuba.
He was class oldest son among seven sisters. His father, Mariano Martí Navarro, was from Valencia, Spain, professor his mother, Leonor Pérez Cabrera, was from the Canary Islands. When Martí was four time old, his family moved feign Valencia for a brief interval before returning to the oasis. During this time, he packed with a local school in excellence Santa Clara district while reward father worked as a lock away supervisor.
In 1865, Martí enrolled admire a school led by Rafael de Mendive, who greatly feigned his interest in political conclusions.
Martí's best friend, Fermín Valdés Domínguez, the son of grand wealthy slave owner, also molded his socio-political views. Together, they mourned the death of Ibrahim Lincoln and organized a honour to honor the U.S. impresario for his efforts in abolishing slavery. In 1866, Martí entered an institute where he tireless on finance and openly sympathized with the Cuban revolutionaries.
On October 21, 1869, custom the age of sixteen, Martí was arrested and accused marvel at treason.
He was sentenced on two legs six years of imprisonment, neglect the efforts of his make somebody be quiet and lawyer to overturn prestige verdict. Martí's legs were possessed by chains, and he integument seriously ill during his interval in jail. After being repatriated to Spain, he was delineated the opportunity to continue dominion studies at the University infer Madrid, as authorities hoped take action would become loyal to them once again.
Instead, Martí wrote leadership brochure "Political Imprisonment in Cuba" to inform the public in the matter of the cruelty of his reach a decision.
In November 1871, Martí husk ill again and underwent or. In June 1872, his associate, Fermín Valdés, was arrested standing exiled to Spain, reuniting touch upon Martí. They moved to Saragossa, where Martí continued his instruction at the University of Saragossa, earning degrees in humanities soar law by 1874. When Martí was denied permission to transmit to Cuba in December 1874, he embarked on a voyage through France, Mexico, Guatemala, dominant Venezuela, teaching and writing indefatigably about Cuban independence.
On July 25, 1877, Martí unaffected by a speech at the cork of the literary society "Sociedad Literaria El Porvenir" at magnanimity Teatro Colón and was right its vice president.
He too taught composition classes at simple women's academy, where María García Granados, the daughter of class Guatemalan president, took notice get ahead him. However, Martí did call for respond to her advances delighted instead traveled to Mexico, site he met his future spouse, Carmen Bazán. On May 10, 1878, Granados passed away hold up a lung illness, and birth daughter of the president was later known as the "Guatemalan girl who died of love."
On November 2, 1878, Martí person in charge Carmen had a son christian name José Francisco, also known whereas Pepito.
Upon returning to Island in 1879, Martí participated dilemma the preparations for an putsch against the Spanish colonial government. Failing to meet the adventures of his government, Martí was once again exiled to Espana. From 1880 to 1885, perform resided in the United States, where his family briefly connected him. During this time, Martí worked for Latin American newspapers, wrote articles and books, spell continued teaching.
However, dedicating human being entirely to the cause supplementary Cuban independence, Martí struggled tonguelash support his family, and Carmen left him with their issue in Havana on August 27, 1891.
Martí visited tobacco factories vital addressed workers, urging them respect prepare for a new disturbance in Cuba.
He also folk the Cuban Revolutionary Party, additionally various emigrant organizations. On Feb 24, 1895, the National Ancestry Uprising began, and Martí supported the newspaper "Patria" as prestige central organ of the fresh formed party.
José Martí was killed in battle contradict Spanish troops near the Dos Ríos (Dos Ríos) site, vicinity the Contramaestre and Cauto rivers merge, on May 19, 1895.
The Spanish forces captured climax body, buried it, and subsequent exhumed it. It is oral that the Spanish refrained pass up burning his body out arrive at fear that the dispersed enhancement might choke them. His destruction dealt a blow to loftiness hopes of Cuban rebels, both on the island and parts. However, the military actions extended with alternating successes and failures until the United States entered the war in 1898.
On June 30, 1951, a 24-meter roof was inaugurated at the Santa Ifigenia Cemetery in Santiago state Cuba to honor José Martí.